Table 4 Clinical scores in included studies

Shon et al. 2023 [20]

N/A

N/A

N/A

48.3 ± 12.1 (SD + PCHCA), 48.8 ± 16.1 (SD)

11.2 ± 14.9 (SD + PCHCA), 14.7 ± 19.3 (SD)

 < 0.001 (SD + PCHCA), < 0.001 (SD)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Kim et al. 2023 [21]

38.5 ± 4.1 (SVF),

37.9 ± 4.3 (hUCB-MSC)

72.4 ± 6.1 (SVF),

71.8 ± 6.1 (hUCB-MSC)

 < 0.001 (SVF), < 0.001 (hUCB-MSC)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Wu et al. 2023 [22]

25.3 ± 10.3

58.2 ± 17.3

 < 0.001

61.1 ± 11.8

22.2 ± 8.4

 < 0.001

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Park et al. 2023 [23]

36.2 ± 3 (BMAC),

35.4 ± 5.5 (hUCB-MSC)

72.8 ± 5 (BMAC),

3.3 ± 9.8 (hUCB-MSC)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Lee et al. 2023 [24]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

83.2 ± 4.8

94 ± 2.4

 < 0.001

75 ± 6.3

96.5 ± 6.2

 < 0.001

Yang et al. 2022 [25]

N/A

N/A

N/A

43.9 ± 12.7 (BMAC), 45.2 ± 8.8 (hUCB-MSC)

23.4 ± 11.6 (BMAC), 19.5 ± 15.8 (hUCB-MSC)

N/A

30.8 ± 11 (BMAC), 31.6 ± 10.4 (hUCB-MSC)

40.6 ± 9.1 (BMAC), 42.8 ± 7.9 (hUCB-MSC)

N/A

62.3 ± 11.9 (BMAC), 63.1 ± 11.2 (hUCB-MSC)

80.1 ± 15 (BMAC), 82.4 ± 15.5 (hUCB-MSC)

N/A

Kim et al. 2022 [34]

33.7 ± 9.4 (MFX),

35.3 ± 12.6 (BMAC)

67 ± 10.6 (MFX),

71.3 ± 11.2 (BMAC)

 < 0.001 (MFX), < 0.001 (BMAC)

47.5 ± 10.4 (MFX), 46.9 ± 13.9 (BMAC)

20.4 ± 9.7 (MFX), 16.3 ± 9.8 (BMAC)

 < 0.001 (MFX), < 0.001 (BMAC)

27 ± 8.5 (MFX), 27.2 ± 7.6 (BMAC)

39.7 ± 6.5 (MFX), 42.6 ± 7.2 (BMAC)

 < 0.001 (MFX), < 0.001 (BMAC)

60.6 ± 11 (MFX), 58.9 ± 13.3 (BMAC)

88.8 ± 8.2 (MFX), 91 ± 10.2 (BMAC)

 < 0.001 (MFX), < 0.001 (BMAC)

Otsuki et al. 2022 [26]

39 ± 10.4

71.3 ± 5.9

 < 0.001

44.5 ± 15.1

11 ± 3.7

 < 0.001

29.8 ± 11.8

43.2 ± 5

 < 0.001

61 ± 16.3

81.2 ± 13.7

 < 0.001

Jin et al. 2021 [32]

29 ± 7.4

64.9 ± 11.1

N/A

44.1 ± 10.6

8.4 ± 6.5

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Chung et al. 2021 [27]

N/A

N/A

N/A

39.8 ± 13.2 (MFX), 39.5 ± 7.8 (No procedure)

9.2 ± 6.1 (MFX), 10.2 ± 7.8 (No procedure)

N/A

53.7 ± 17 (MFX), 52.7 ± 14.3 (No procedure)

89.1 ± 10.7 (MFX), 88.3 ± 10.8 (No procedure)

N/A

59.5 ± 15.5 (MFX), 59.8 ± 9 (No procedure)

88.3 ± 10.8 (MFX), 86.1 ± 12.3 (No procedure)

N/A

Iida et al. 2021 [28]

38.7 ± 14.3 (MFX),

33.4 ± 14.6 (MFX + Collagen)

60.3 ± 10.1 (MFX),

57.2 ± 13.6 (MFX + Collagen)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Song et al. 2020 [29]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

49.7 ± 12.2

87.6 ± 9.2

N/A

65.1 ± 14.7

92.3 ± 11

N/A

Lee et al. 2019 [30]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

67.3 ± 8.2 (SD), 63.7 ± 13.9 (No procedure)

91.2 ± 6.4 (SD), 92.5 ± 5.3 (No procedure)

N/A

66.5 ± 14.3 (SD), 66.8 ± 9.1 (No procedure)

92.8 ± 10 (SD), 92.2 ± 8 (No procedure)

N/A

Kim et al. 2017 [35]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

68.5 ± 11.9

92.5 ± 7.1

0.001

62.3 ± 11.4

90.4 ± 9

0.001