Table 3 Assessment of cartilage regeneration in included studies

Shon et al. 2023 [20]

SD + PCHCA, III (4), IV (47);

SD, III (6), IV (45)

SD + PCHCA, I (7), II (36), III (8), IV (7);

SD, I (1), II (15), III (21), IV (14)

SD + PCHCA, A (0), B (12), C (39); SD, A (4), B (41), C (6)

N/A

N/A

Kim et al. 2023 [21]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Wu et al. 2023 [22]

I (3), II (37), III (10)

I (22), II (26), III (2)

N/A

N/A

increased expression of

p-ERK 1/2

Park et al. 2023 [23]

IV (10)

I (1), II (7), III (2)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Lee et al. 2023 [24]

I (3), II (7), III (16), IV (39)

I (7), II (12), III (26), IV (20)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Yang et al. 2022 [25]

BMAC, III (5), IV (50);

hUCB-MSC, III (3), IV (52)

BMAC, I (1), II (20), III (11), IV (5); hUCB-MSC, I (4), II (30), III (10)

BMAC, A (4), B (12), C (21); hUCB-MSC, B (12), C (32)

N/A

N/A

Kim et al. 2022 [34]

N/A

N/A

A (25), B (63), C (34)

N/A

N/A

Otsuki et al. 2022 [26]

0-I (10), II (34), III (38), IV (60)

0-I (30), II (37), III (47), IV (28)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Jin et al. 2021 [32]

MFX, III (38), IV (5);

BMAC, III (41), IV (7)

MFX, II (12), III (10), IV (9);

BMAC, I (1), II (18), III (11), IV (3)

MFX, A (5), B (16), C-1 (9), C-2 (1);

BMAC, A (2), B (15), C-1 (14), C-2 (2)

N/A

N/A

Chung et al. 2021 [27]

IV (49)

I (4), II (34), III (11)

B (12), C-1 (27), C-2 (10)

N/A

N/A

Iida et al. 2021 [28]

III (4), IV (4)

II (2), III (6)

N/A

69.2 ± 10.1

N/A

Song et al. 2020 [29]

IV (125)

I (73), II (37), III (15)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Lee et al. 2019 [30]

MFX, I (3), II (13), III (21), IV (20);

No procedure, I (2), II (7), III (15), IV (6)

MFX, 0 (3), I (8), II (9), III (23), IV (14);

No procedure, I (7), II (15), III (8)

N/A

41.8 ± 18.6 (MFX), 31.8 ± 19.8 (No procedure)

N/A

Kim et al. 2017 [35]

MFX, III (5), IV (9);

MFX + Collagen, III (6), IV (8)

MFX, II (4), III (7), IV (3);

MFX + Collagen, I (3), II (9), III (2)

N/A

45.4 ± 11.5 (MFX), 64.6 ± 14.1 (MFX + Collagen)

ICRS-II score

885.4 (MFX), 1053.2 (MFX + Collagen)

Kumagai et al. 2017 [31]

II (11), III (53), IV (67)

I (14), II (21), III (56), IV (40)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Jung et al. 2015 [33]

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A