Enhanced deep learning model enables accurate alignment measurement across diverse institutional imaging protocols

Table 4 Percentage of absolute error over 1.5 degrees compared to ground-truth (orthopedic specialist)

	Absolute error (Institute A)	Absolute error (Institute B)	Absolute error (Institute C)	Absolute error (Total)
HKAA	0	0	0	0
LDFA	4.2	5.3	3.1	4.2
MPTA	7.5	14.9	9.9	10.7
JLCA	13.6	21.9	14.9	16.7
WBL ratio*	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
JLOA	1.0	2.0	1.0	1.4
LDTA	28.2	16.3	19.1	20.1

All values are in percentages
*Absolute error of 1.5 degrees was not applied to WBL ratio as it is a ratio
HKAA hip-knee-ankle angle, LDFA lateral distal femoral angle, MPTA medial proximal tibial angle, JLCA joint line convergence angle, WBL weight bearing line, JLOA joint line obliquity angle, LDTA lateral distal tibial angle, N/A not assessed

ISSN: 2234-2451