Table 1 Articles selected: results of combined ACL and ALL reconstruction. LOE level of evidence, NOS Newcastle–Ottawa Scale

Goncharov et al. (2019) [23]

II/8

18

Professional sport activities or participation in competitions; age between 16 and 40 years

ACL: patellar

ALL: hamstring

Lachman test: 18

Pivot shift: 18

24 months

Lachman test: 0

Pivot shift: 0

IKDC score: 63.1 ± 4.8

Lysholm score: 72.6 ± 6.45

24 months

IKDC score: 96.3 ± 1.8

Lysholm score: 97.4 ± 1.18

100%

Helito et al. (2019) [25]

III/6

30

27.0 ± 9.1

Laxity based on the modified Beighton scale [45] with a minimum value of 5–8

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Pivot shift: 30

Rolimeter arthrometer: 7.7 ± 1.3 mm

Beighton scale: 6.1 ± 1.1

28.1 ± 4.2 months

Pivot shift: 8

Rolimeter arthrometer: 1.5 ± 1.1 mm

28.1 ± 4.2 months

IKDC score: 86.9 ± 9.3

Lysholm score: 88.3 ± 7.3

Rerupture: 1

Ibrahim et al. (2017) [20]

I

53

26 (20–32)

At least two of the following criteria: grade 2/3 pivot shift; competitive sport; pivoting sport; chronic ACL injury; Segond fracture

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Pivot shift: 53

Lachman test: 53

KT-1000 arthrometer: 9.0 ± 3.0

27 months

Pivot shift: 5

Lachman test: 4

KT-1000 arthrometer: 1.3 ± 0.2

Lysholm score: 75.0 ± 15.0

Tegner score: 6.0 ± 2.0

27 months

Lysholm score: 98.0 ± 5.0

Tegner score: 8.0 ± 1.0

Sonnery-Cottet et al. (2018) [26]

III/8

189

23.8 ± 6.8

At least two of the following criteria: grade 3 pivot shift; competitive sport; pivoting sport; chronic ACL injury; Segond fracture; lateral femoral notch sign; age up to 25 years

ACL: hamstring or

patellar

ALL: gracilis

36.6 ± 8.2 months

Lysholm score: 93.7

Tegner score: 7.2

61.2%

Helito et al. (2018) [27]

III/7

33

33.1 ± 8.8

Simple ACL rupture more than 1 year before

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Pivot shift: 33

KT-1000 arthrometer: 8.39 ± 1.1

25 (24–28) months

Pivot shift: 3

KT-1000 arthrometer: 1 (1–2) mm

25 (24–28) months

IKDC score: 92.7 ± 5.9

Lysholm score: 95.4 ± 5.3

Rerupture: 0

Sonnery-Cottet et al. (2017) [24]

II/7

221

21.8 ± 4.0

ACL rupture in young people + pivoting sport

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Side-to-side laxity: 7.5 ± 1.6

35.4 ± 8.4 months

Side-to-side laxity: 0.5 ± 0.8

IKDC score: 57.2 ± 20.2

35.4 ± 8.4 months

IKDC score: 81.8 ± 13.1

Lysholm score: 91.9 ± 10.2

Tegner score: 7.0 ± 2.0

Rerupture rate: 4.13%

68.8%

Yoon et al. (2020) [28]

III/6

18

32.9 ± 10.8

Revision ACL + grade 2 or 3 pivot shift

ACL and ALL: allograft

Anterior drawer: 17

Pivot shift: 18

Lachman test: 18

Side-to-side difference.: 7.7 ± 2.9

2 years

Anterior drawer: 10

Pivot shift: 8

Lachman test: 12

Side-to-side difference.: 3.9 ± 3.0

IKDC score: 46.3 ± 11.2

Lysholm score: 51.6 ± 13.5

Tegner score: 2.9 ± 0.8

2 years

IKDC score: 57.8 ± 15.7

Lysholm score: 58.7 ± 16.1

Tegner score: 4.0 ± 1.7

Rerupture: 2

Hamido et al. (2020) [21]

I

50

24 (18–33)

ACL rupture in athletes + pivot shift

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Pivot shift: 50

KT-1000 arthrometer: 11.5 ± 0.8

60 (55–65) months

Anterior drawer: 3

Pivot shift: 2

Lachman test: 2

KT-1000 arthrometer: 1.2 ± 0.7

Lysholm score: 72 ± 13.5

Tegner score: 6.4 ± 1.2

60 (55–65) months

Lysholm score: 96 ± 5.0

Tegner score: 7.9 ± 0.8

Rerupture: 0

100%

Abdelrazek et al. (2019) [22]

I

20

24.9 ± 7.2

Chronic ACL rupture or grade 3 pivot shift

ACL: hamstring

ALL: gracilis

Pivot shift: 20

Lachman test: 20

2 years

Pivot shift: 2

Lachman test: 5

Internal tibial rotation angle side-to-side difference: 2.0 ± 1.17

KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference: 1.1 ± 0.8

Lee et al. (2019) [29]

III/6

42

26.8 ± 6

Revision ACL and age up to 45 years

ACL: anterior tibial allograft

ALL: gracilis allograft

Pivot shift: 42

Lachman test: 42

KT-2000 arthrometer: 9.8 ± 1.7

Pivot shift: 4

Lachman test: 3

KT-2000 arthrometer: 1.9 ± 1.3

IKDC score: 68.7 ± 17.3

Lysholm score: 74.4 ± 16.1

Tegner score: 5.4 ± 0.8

IKDC score: 79.2 ± 18.8

Lysholm score: 88.5 ± 16.9

Tegner score: 6.7 ± 0.7

57.1%