Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies on medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for patellar dislocation using an autograft versus an allograft
Study | Journal | Study design | Level of evidence | Year | Sample size (knees) | Age (years) | Sex (M: F) | Graft type | Patellar fixation | Femoral fixation | Follow-up Time (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Astur et al. [15] | Open Orthop J | RCS | 3 | 2015 | Autograft: 58 | 29.8 (18–45) | 30: 28 | Gracilis (58) | Transpatellar tunnel with Endobutton | Interference screw | Minimum 24 |
Bitar et al. [12] | Am J Spots Med | RCT | 1 | 2011, 2012 | Autograft: 21 | 24.0 ± 6.3 | 12: 9 | Patellar tendon (21) | Suture | Interference screw | 44 |
Deie et al. [22] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | Case series | 4 | 2005 | Autograft: 46 | 19.2 (6–43) | 9: 34 | Semitendinosus (46) | Transpatellar tunnel | MCL pulley | 114 (60–144) |
Deie et al. [13] | Am J Spots Med | Case series | 4 | 2011 | Autograft: 31 | 22.2 (12–34) | 5: 24 | Semitendinosus (31) | Suture | Femoral socket pullout suture | 38 (24–60) |
Dragoo et al. [23] | Am J Spots Med | PCS | 2 | 2017 | Allograft: 8 | 36.3 ± 8.7 | 1: 7 | Semitendinosus (8) | Suture anchor | Interference screw | 51 (25–79) |
Drez et al. [9] | Arthroscopy | Case series | 4 | 2001 | Autograft: 14 | 22 (14–52) | 10: 5 | ITB (3), Semitendinosus (6), Semitendinosus + gracilis (5) | Suture anchor | Suture to periosteum | 31.5 (24–43) |
Ellera Gomes et al. [11] | Arthroscopy | Case series | 4 | 2004 | Autograft: 16 | 26.7 (21–37) | 4: 11 | Semitendinosus (16) | Transpatellar tunnel | Osteoperiosteal tunnel | Minimum 60 |
Han et al. [16] | Arch Orthop Trauma Surg | Case series | 4 | 2011 | Autograft: 59 | 24.3 (15–41) | 19: 33 | Semitendinosus (51) Gracilis (8) | Transpatellar tunnel | Interference screw | 68.4 (37–85) |
Kang et al. [24] | Am J Spots Med | RCT | 2 | 2013 | Autograft: 82 | 28.9 ± 5.2 | 32: 50 | Semitendinosus (82) | Suture | Interference screw | 24 |
Kang et al. [14] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | Case series | 4 | 2014 | Autograft: 45 | 26.6 ± 5.8 | 18: 27 | Semitendinosus (45) | Soft-tissue tunnel | Interference screw | 33.7 ± 8.4 |
Ma et al. [25] | Arthroscopy | RCT | 2 | 2013 | Autograft: 32 | 28.4 ± 4.2 | 10: 22 | Semitendinosus (32) | Suture anchor + suture | Interference screw | 40 (24–55) |
Mikashima et al. [17] | Acta Orthop Belg | Case series | 4 | 2006 | Autograft: 24 | 21.8 ± 4.9 | 10: 14 | Semitendinosus (24) | Anchor or transpatellar tunnel | Femoral tunnel with Endobutton | 41.0 ± 8.7 |
Niu et al. [26] | Int J Clin Exp Med | RCT | 2 | 2016 | Autograft: 22 | 27.5 ± 4.8 | 10: 12 | Semitendinosus + gracilis (22) | Suture anchor | Interference screw | 48 |
Nomura et al. [27] | Arthroscopy | Case series | 4 | 2006 | Autograft: 12 | 24.8 ± 10.6 | 4: 8 | Semitendinosus (12) | Transpatellar tunnel | Screw and spiked washer | 50 ± 10 |
Panni et al. [28] | Am J Spots Med | Case series | 4 | 2011 | Autograft: 48 | 28 (16–60) | 11: 37 | Semitendinosus (48) | Transpatellar tunnel | Interference screw | 33 (24–54) |
Ronga et al. [29] | Am J Spots Med | Case series | 4 | 2009 | Autograft: 28 | 32.5 ± 11.4 | 21: 7 | Semitendinosus (5) Gracilis (23) | Transpatellar tunnel | Interference screw | 37 (30–48) |
Schottle et al. [30] | Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc | Case series | 4 | 2005 | Autograft: 15 | 30.1 (19–36) | 4: 8 | Semitendinosus (15) | Suture anchor | Interference screw | 47.5 (24–70) |
Torisuka et al. [31] | Knee | Case series | 4 | 2011 | Autograft: 20 | 23 ± 8 | 9: 11 | Semitendinosus (15) | Transpatellar tunnel | Femoral tunnel with endobutton | 30 (24–53) |
Vavalle et al. [32] | J Orthop Traumatol | Case series | 4 | 2016 | Autograft: 16 | 22 (18–25) | 9: 7 | Quadriceps (16) | Rectus femoris insertion | Anchor | 38 (28–48) |
Wang et al. [33] | Int Orthop | RCS | 3 | 2013 | Autograft: 70 | 25 ± 8 | 27: 43 | Semitendinosus + gracilis (70) | Suture anchor | Interference screw | 48 |
Witonski et al. [34] | Biomed Res Int | Case series | 4 | 2013 | Autograft: 10 | 27.2 ± 8.1 | 4: 6 | Patellar tendon (10) | Suture | Anchor | 43 (24–55) |
Zhao et al. [35] | Am J Spots Med | RCT | 2 | 2012 | Autograft: 45 | 25.0 ± 6.6 | 8: 37 | Semitendinosus (45) | Transpatellar tunnel | Interference screw | 60 |