Table 2 Quality assessment of the included studies using Newcastle–Ottawa assessment

Case–control study

(1) (*)

(2) (*)

(3) (*)

(4) (*)

(1) (**)

(1) (**)

(2) (*)

(3) (*)

Craig

Acta Orthop. Belg

2013

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Jämsen

JBJS

2014

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Rodon

J Arthroplasty

2017

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Newman

KSSTA

2019

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Kleiner

Knee

2019

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Xiao

J Orthop Surg Res

2019

*

*

*

*

Marchand

JKS

2020

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Goh

J Arthroplasty

2020

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Ergin

J Orthop Sci

2020

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Baek

Int Orthop

2021

*

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Y. Zong

BMC Musculoskeletal Dis

2022

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Cehppalli

J of AAOS

2022

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Chort study

(1) (**)

(2) (*)

(3) (**)

(4) (*)

(1) (**)

(1) (**)

(2) (*)

(3) (**)

Wong

J Arthroplasty

2018

**

*

*

*

*

**

*

*

Veronica

AOTS

2020

**

*

*

**